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Richard Duck was working with James Nearn, the power plant senior mechanic, and Dino Cossey, a contractor with Voith Hydro, to find a leaky pipe in the Unit 2 turbine pit. The three had examined the pipe just outside the turbine pit, but didn't find any problems. Duck volunteered to go into the turbine pit area to look at the other end of the pipe for the leak.
Turbine pit
To reach the pipe, Duck entered the turbine pit through a door on the opposite side from the pipe. He climbed a small, two-rung ladder at the entrance to get to the generator apron. Duck had to walk along this apron ledge to get to the pipes.
The ledge is only four feet wide, and only four-and-a-half feet of head-room. Duck stands six feet tall, and had to bend to walk along the ledge. He got to the middle of the generator apron, then hit his hard-hat against one of the reinforcement ribs on the ceiling of the apron. The blow knocked his hard-hat over his eyes, and he became disoriented and lost his balance.
"Done deal!"
"Before I realized it, I was over the edge," Duck said. "I tried to grab hold of something, but I couldn't. I thought to myself, 'Well, this is a done deal!'"
Duck fell over the ledge and landed between the steel wicket gate arms 20 feet below. During the fall, Duck lost his hard-hat, but he kept it on long enough to prevent serious injury. He received a gash on his forehead, but the front and the back of the hard-hat were shattered. He also received bruises and a cut to his right palm.
Cossey was still working outside the turbine pit when he heard a bang and went to investigate. When he entered the turbine pit, Cossey could see Duck's hard-hat broken on the floor. Then he saw Duck between the wicket gate arms.
Cossey yelled for Nearn to get assistance, and stayed with Duck. Troy Tate, a power plant mechanic and paramedic, administered first aid while waiting for the Yell County Emergency Medical Service.
The ambulance transported Duck to Saint Mary's Hospital in Russellville. He is now resting at home and undergoing physical therapy, and he is expected to return to work.
"The hard-hat saved his life," said Clarinda Harvey, industrial hygienist with the Little Rock District Safety Office. "Duck, at some point during the accident, received a major blow to the front of his head. The hard-hat, held on momentarily by the earmuffs, took the force of the blow before it shattered."
Lessons
There were two direct causes of the accident -- improper access to the site, and the lack of fall protection.
"Risk assessment and risk management are two principles that the Corps is emphasizing these days," said Brian Becker, a safety engineer in the Headqsuarters Safety and Occupational Health Office. "Mr. Duck was entering a cramped area with a narrow ledge, a long drop-off, and no fall protection. We all need to take a step back whenever we come up against something that looks risky, and think about the smartest direction to take."
Solutions
Little Rock District took immediate steps to install temporary safety measures, and they are working on a permanent safety solution.
The immediate solution was to install a tie-off cable around the perimeter of the concrete ledge so workers can use fall protection while they work. Research, specifications and drawings were completed in short order, and information was faxed to five prospective bidders on Aug. 5, with a request for their responses no later than Aug. 21.
The project office explained the urgency of the situation to staff in Contracting Division, and an information packet with the bidder responses was forwarded.
"Contracting promptly responded by reviewing and awarding the contract as soon as possible," said Bob Coke, a civil engineer with Russellville's Navigation Branch.
Industrial Safety Source began installing the lifeline systems on Sept. 18, and completed the job three days later. They also provided training in the use and maintenance of the equipment.
Protecta International designed the lifeline system. It runs the circumference of the wall behind the generator bearing beam apron and is designed to provide fall protection for two employees working together in the area.
"With this system, the contractor provided shuttles (sliders that move back and forth on the cable) that allow workers to tie off and still move freely around the area without having to unclip and re-clip to move from area to area," Coke said.
Southwestern Division's safety officer has suggested that a copy of the specifications for the fall protection be shared with other districts and used where needed.
The district's Engineering and Construction Division also is working on a permanent engineering solution to make the area safer. This will probably include installing grating over the openings around the perimeter of the ledge. A design is planned for fiscal year 2001.
By Jennifer Wilson
Little Rock District
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
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